Ronan Lyons | Personal Website
Ronan Lyons | Personal Website

A little quiz on Ireland’s income tax

  • geckko ,

    Excellent. 3 out of 3 for me!

    Of course the final question is conditional on how much centrally provided goods and services should or can be provided. That is also where you get some of the strangest contradictions, e.g. Socialists would argue for high (50%+) of national income be spent by government, but likely to want virtually no tax paid by median earners.

    Also, don’t forget indirect taxes.

    • Ronan Lyons ,

      Hi Geckko, congrats on the 100% score! Good points, too.

      While things like income-specific savings rates are probably too much to hope for, I will do my best to find a basket of goods broken down by income group – that would at least allow some further refinement of total tax paid (rather than just income tax).

      R

      • Naoise ,

        11,714 people earn over €275,000 – how many of them work in RTE?!

        • Stephen.kinsella@gma ,

          “Great Britain should,” wrote Adam Smith in The Wealth of Nations, “…endeavour to accommodate her future views and designs to the real mediocrity of her circumstances.”

          Think the shoe fits in Ireland’s case?

          • Paul ,

            ronan, Can you post or reference the data that you used for your various calculations. clearly if the median earner on €25K is only paying 4% income tax, that’s only a €1,000 in tax. we need to have 10 million “median people” employed to cover the rest of the income tax take. clearly that’s not the case so it would be great to be able to discuss median, averages etc. btw, i don’t think this affects the thrust of your main point. thanks

            • Ronan Lyons ,

              Hi Paul, thanks for comment and for pulling me up on not linking my source! The report is available here: http://www.revenue.ie/en/about/publications/statistical/2008/statistical-report-2008.html (the Income Distribution Statistics).
              A quick explanation which may help you in your calculations – the focus was on the median (i.e. the middle person in the country) rather than the mean, for precisely the reasons you outline. The mean, i.e. the total income tax take divided by the number of taxpayers, is going to be dragged up by the few people paying lots of tax.
              R

              • Tony ,

                Hi Ronan,
                Although I realise you are trying to make a simple observation re. our income tax base, I think we need to also consider consumption taxes. Since many of these are likely to be more heavilly skewed towards consumption by the lower deciles (fags, alcohol, petrol), I wonder how the combined figures would look?

                Such figures may suggest the higher earners are not so heavilly taxed as income alone would suggest, while perhaps those below the median are more hard done by…?

                • Conor McCabe ,

                  Hi Ronan, enjoyed your post. And thanks for putting up the link to the Income Distribution Stats. they’re very interesting. Cheers for that.

                  This is the first time I’ve looked at these stats, so I apologise in advance for what is probably a silly point. But it seems to me that if you were going to look at income tax, then table 16 would have been a better one to use, no? All the other tables carry information which relates to all income earners, regardless of whether their income is taxable or not. With table 16, though, the information is confined solely to those with taxable income. And on table 16, the income earners who pay the largest % of tax in terms of aggregates of income and income tax, are those earning gross €40,000 to €50,000 a year. Even then, table 16 doesn’t factor in mortgage relief, which is taxed at source, and so table 15 has to be brought into the equation – basically, in terms of the aggregates, those getting mortgage relief are going to affect the figures of those who aren’t.

                  Listen, it’s my first time to look at those stats, so I’m putting my hands up already. But certainly, that’s where I would start, because although table 16 carries variables within it, they are not to the same measure as table one with regard to taxable income and income tax. and I have to go back myself and look as to why the % for income tax is higher for the top earners in table 1 than in table 16. btw, I don’t think table 16 changes the thrust of your argument.

                  • Conor McCabe ,

                    Listen, ignore that comment above. I’ve had a look at the figures again and I got them wrong. the €40,000-€50,000 wage bracket isn’t paying the largest %, it’s still those over €250,000 on table 16.

                    Cheers for the link, though, the figures are quite interesting.

                    • Aebhric Mc Gibney ,

                      Nice update Ronan. it’s been a while since I’ve looked at them but the OECD average production worker figures show that a family on the average manufacturing wage (single earner) is a net recipient from the State when Child Benefit is taken into account. We have the third lowest average tax rate above such luminaries as Mexico. The burden of taxation is disproprtionately on expedniture taxes at the sake of low capital (and particularly property) taxes.

                      • Ronan Lyons ,

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                          • Pat Brown ,

                            Dear Ronan,
                            I enjoy your site very much ,congratulations.
                            I would like to point out that the raising of any TAXES by any State is a rather precarious affair – but especially Income Tax – where monies given over to the State coffers ,are considered as a personal & direct contribution by the individual concerned.
                            Of all the TAXES – this is by far , the most emotive – and for the State – it must be seen
                            – just like Caesar’s wife – as being above reproach. This is NOT the case in Ireland –
                            where a elitist group of 6,000 so called citizens –
                            pay ZERO in income TAX to the State – yet still claim Irish citizenship & full membership of our little country.
                            Our Revenue Chairperson Josephine Feehily has told the Dail Public Accounts Committee on 19th Feb 2009 that there are indeed almost 6,000 so called citizens who pay ZERO Income Tax – TAX EXILES – and at least 440 fall into the bracket of being ‘ Super Rich ‘. She did not comment on the income status of the other 5,500 – but one can only draw the obvious conclusion that a majority would fall into the category of earning in excess of 275,000 Euros p.a. – which is hardly a huge amount – by todays standards. Applying this information – to the Income Tax Revenue Chart would suggest instead of 1,367 citizens – who earn more than 275,000 Euros p.a –
                            inputing 11.27% to the total – we would have a much greater number – probably 3 – 4,000 contributing say well in excess of 25 % to the total Tax take.
                            When the government applies itself to that thorny & highly contentious matter – it can then deal with Mr Joe Average & his friend Mrs Eileen Mean and their Income Tax contributions. Otherwise – look out for sparks .
                            Lots of luck. Pat.

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                                        • Liam Griffin ,

                                          Hi Ronan
                                          I rolled along with the common perceptions even though I pay damn all tax myself.I thought I was being smart claiming all the right allowences.It appears my friends and neighbours have been missrepresenting their own tax liabilities

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                                            […] 5. The structure of the taxation system is also important. No-one is arguing that we can, let alone should, return to 2006 when stamp duties and capital taxes provided 16% of our revenues, but there is a danger in over-reliance on income taxes, which seems to be the only lever under discussion. Income taxes typically have provided about 30% of the Government’s tax revenues. Next year, they will provide much closer to 40% (actually 37.5%). In absolute terms, the picture is not as alarming. The Government expects to take in €12bn in income tax next year, compared to €11.4bn in 2005. However, the income tax system is incredibly over-reliant on those with high incomes, while two thirds of earners paying hardly anything in tax. […]

                                            • anonymoussquirrel ,

                                              I don’t know where you and Revenue Commissioners get you’re data from I earn 47k and pay 27% in real incom taxes

                                              • Ronan Lyons ,

                                                @anonymoussquirrel
                                                Let’s assume for the moment that you’re not married, so that we can get your effective tax rate up as high as it can go.
                                                The first €36,400 of your income is taxed at 20%, so that’s €7,280 on to your tax bill. From this we have to subtract €1,830 in tax credits and another €1,830 in PAYE credits, so your tax bill so far is €3,620, or just a rate of under 10%. For your overall effective rate to be 27%, the government would need to be taxing you 71% of your remaining €11,600, which they’re clearly not.

                                                In fact, they’re taxing you 41% on that last quarter of your income, which means your effective income tax rate is 17%, not 27%. As is outlined in the post, the latest figures we have are pre-income levy, so you can add on another 1% – that brings you up to 18%. (If you’re married, your rate will be even lower.)

                                                Thanks for the comment and for giving me the opportunity to explain the breakdown in a little more detail,
                                                R

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                                                        • Mr Vain ,

                                                          I would like to respond to Mr Pat Browns comment above about tax exiles.

                                                          Citizens of a country pay tax to the state they live in. In return the state provides them with a service, roads to drive on, Gardai for security, Fire brigades, hospitals for medical emergencies, schools for education of your children etc.

                                                          All these services have to be paid for. If you live and work in Ireland you avail of these services in your day to day living here.

                                                          But of course not all Irish citizens who live and work abroad pay tax to Ireland. That is because they don’t avail of these services.

                                                          To become a tax exile your income has to derive from outside the state, i.e. your work is in another country, and you are limited to 140 days in Ireland every year on average.

                                                          Mr Brown does not understand that it is wrong to charge people tax if they don’t avail of the services of the state.

                                                          Otherwise we should start taxing tourists.

                                                          Mr Browns comment is representative of ignorant pogrom communist mentality which does a disservice to this site.

                                                          Mr Brown, if you don’t understand what you are talking about then shut up and stop embarrassing yourself.

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                                                            • phrage ,

                                                              your questions and conclusions are deceitful

                                                              • Ronan Lyons ,

                                                                @phrage
                                                                Thanks for taking the time to comment – in what way are they deceitful?

                                                                • John O'Connor ,

                                                                  • Christopher Smith ,

                                                                    Where are those figures are coming? These calculations are simply wrong!
                                                                    It states that somebody earning 50K pays only 15% tax.
                                                                    My gross income(just normal wage – no bonuses or any perks paid at my workplace) is 4K/month and I only get net total of little bit less than 3K/month paid out.
                                                                    No matter how you calculate “I’m paying tax at 25% rate”! (I don’t care if some of it called PRSI and Income Levy – they are all taxes at the end of the day).

                                                                    • Ronan Lyons ,

                                                                      Hi Christopher,
                                                                      A couple of quick points. Firstly, this is a 2008 Revenue Commissioners report based on 2006 income returns. Core rates of income tax have not changed since then, but income levies have of course increased. So you can certainly make the case that your 15% is now 17%. Secondly, PRSI is, unfortunately, not a tax, it’s compulsory form of insurance (like car insurance), which explains the bulk of the gap between 17% and 25%.

                                                                      If you can show that the calculations are wrong, Revenue Commissioners will be very interested as they’ll have lots of back tax to collect from all of us!

                                                                      R

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                                                                          • Weary PAYE taxpayer ,

                                                                            These figures look off – I’m earning 75K and I’m paying 38% of that in tax. Is there a massive tax break I’m missing out on? (Single non property owner with no children).

                                                                            • Ronan Lyons ,

                                                                              Hi WPT,
                                                                              I think the link between your own experience and the national average is PRSI and income levies. This Rev Com report is purely about income tax (i.e. money into a general pool that gets spent on whatever the government likes/is voted in to spend it on), and does not include PSRI (i.e. a premium on insurance against unemployment and some other things private sector markets won’t insure). As it’s from 2006, it doesn’t include income or health levies.

                                                                              The OECD report referenced in one of the blog posts linked in this post does highlight, though, that Ireland taxes its single-earner-no-kid households much closer in line with other countries than its other household types.

                                                                              Thanks for the comments,

                                                                              Ronan.

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                                                                                • Tom Grey ,

                                                                                  Still a fine chart — you might think of adding a right hand side %of taxpayers showing the long tail and the few people in the high brackets.

                                                                                  • Ronan Lyons ,

                                                                                    Hi Tom,
                                                                                    Thanks – if I can get those stats off the Revenue Commissioners, I will put it in!
                                                                                    Ronan.

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                                                                                            • Brendan ,

                                                                                              • joesoap@public.ie ,

                                                                                                Ronan> PRSI is, unfortunately, not a tax, it’s compulsory form of insurance (like car insurance)

                                                                                                Its very dissapointing to see a respected economist like yourself NOT realise that PRSI is of course a tax, both Employee PRSI and (to many the hidden) Employer PRSI.

                                                                                                Ronan, I realise that if you have 100 economists in a room you may get 100 different opinions, but it would be useful if 100 of Ireland’s leading economists plus some ‘ordinary Joe Soaps would get together for a weekend and ‘democratcially’ bash out what is and isnt true or valid.

                                                                                                There is no point if each economist has his own opinion, which is as useful to anyone as the proverbial saying, everyone has one!

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                                                                                                    • fergaloh ,

                                                                                                      Ronan, I suggest you live on 25k for a while and then get excited about your low rate of tax.
                                                                                                      Making flat comparisons with other states ignores relative costs of living.

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